Germany: grid fees by state and voltage level
Network usage charges vary 4.4 ct/kWh between the cheapest and most expensive German state — the single biggest driver of where storage pencils out.
What the register shows
German network usage charges (Netzentgelte) range from 7.4 ct/kWh in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern to 11.8 ct/kWh in Hamburg for 2026, a spread of 4.4 ct/kWh. Charges above 9.5 ct/kWh are treated here as high-tariff and below 8.4 ct/kWh as low-tariff. Because the charge is levied per kilowatt-hour drawn, it is the dominant regional variable in behind-the-meter storage economics.
Grid usage charge by federal state
2026 network usage charges (Netzentgelte), Representative household electricity Netzentgelt (grid usage charge incl. metering), regional average per federal state..
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| ct/kWh | |
|---|---|
| Hamburg | 11.8 |
| Rheinland-Pfalz | 10.2 |
| Baden-Württemberg | 9.8 |
| Nordrhein-Westfalen | 9.8 |
| Hessen | 9.4 |
| Saarland | 9.4 |
| Bremen | 9.0 |
| Schleswig-Holstein | 8.7 |
| Berlin | 8.6 |
| Sachsen | 8.6 |
| Sachsen-Anhalt | 8.5 |
| Thüringen | 8.2 |
| Brandenburg | 8.0 |
| Niedersachsen | 8.0 |
| Bayern | 7.8 |
| Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | 7.4 |
Registered capacity by grid voltage level
The level a unit connects at determines which tariff applies to it.
| Voltage level | Assets | MW |
|---|---|---|
| Niederspannung (= Hausanschluss/Haushaltsstrom) | 7,566,705 | 72,516 |
| Mittelspannung | 89,045 | 66,709 |
| Hochspannung | 10,975 | 40,354 |
| Höchstspannung | 2,542 | 16,919 |
| Umspannebene Hochspannung/Mittelspannung | 4,423 | 11,990 |
| Umspannebene Mittelspannung/Niederspannung | 25,021 | 2,146 |
| Umspannebene Höchstspannung/Hochspannung | 107 | 276 |
Largest distribution grid operators by connected capacity
Operating generation and storage connected to each distribution network.
| Grid operator (VNB) | Assets | MW |
|---|---|---|
| Bayernwerk Netz GmbH | 791,186 | 18,594 |
| Westnetz GmbH | 500,690 | 18,275 |
| E.DIS Netz GmbH | 225,560 | 15,852 |
| Avacon Netz GmbH | 231,939 | 15,548 |
| Schleswig-Holstein Netz GmbH | 158,574 | 12,685 |
| Mitteldeutsche Netzgesellschaft Strom mbH | 208,331 | 12,200 |
| Netze BW GmbH | 615,357 | 10,541 |
| EWE NETZ GmbH | 320,428 | 8,860 |
| TenneT TSO GmbH | 1,451 | 8,473 |
| 50Hertz Transmission GmbH | 999 | 6,809 |
| N-ERGIE Netz GmbH | 158,330 | 4,695 |
| TEN Thüringer Energienetze GmbH ＆ Co. KG | 94,962 | 4,127 |
| LEW Verteilnetz GmbH | 194,132 | 3,892 |
| WEMAG Netz GmbH | 32,545 | 3,228 |
| Westfalen Weser Netz GmbH | 124,646 | 3,211 |
Method and source
Every figure on this page is a count or a sum of values as registered in the Marktstammdatenregister (MaStR), published by the Bundesnetzagentur. The export behind this page is dated 22 August 2026; extraction and aggregation by kWhintel. Licensed under Datenlizenz Deutschland – Namensnennung 2.0 — attribution: Bundesnetzagentur — Marktstammdatenregister.
Baseload News adds no modelled or estimated values to this tier. Where the register is incomplete we say so rather than filling the gap. Units of 1 MW and above are treated as utility-scale; below that the register is dominated by household installations, which are aggregated here and never listed individually. Additional source: strom-report.com/netzentgelte (2026 figures).